to report Missionary thought and culture base, The book “Motaher Library”, the second edition of which has recently been made available to those interested in educational topics, is one of the series of educational books published in the field of Islamic education based on the opinions of Martyr Morteza Motahari.
According to Tasnim’s narrative, the present book written by Ruhollah Shahriari was compiled and published in six chapters. The author starts the book with the outline of general topics, including the definition of education, the difference between education and education, manners, ethics and industry, the necessity of education, the benefits of education and its types, and then goes on to discuss the basics of education in two value-oriented and anthropological topics.
The third chapter of this book is dedicated to the areas of education, which is examined in four areas: physical area, intellectual area, instinctive area, and moral area, and then, the internal and external factors of education are discussed in the fourth chapter. The fifth chapter of the book is also dedicated to the principles of education regarding parents, children and educational practice, and the author has considered the methods of education in the sixth chapter of the book as a good ending to his book.
The book “Edbastan Motahar” is actually an effort to present coherent, disciplined and comprehensive educational ideas of professor Shahid Morteza Motahari (RA) in the dimension of educational practice. The book has a practical aspect, a child-oriented approach and a psychological perspective.
According to the author; Undoubtedly, Professor Martyr Morteza Motahari (RA) is among the Rabbani trainers who have acquired the qualifications necessary for the life of an educator in three dimensions: scientific, practical and executive. On the one hand, he has a disciplined, comprehensive, deep thought derived from the Quranic, Hadith, and rulings, and on the other hand, he was successful in purifying and purifying the soul, and he also took good care of the originality of education and was remembered. These characteristics have made him an educational teacher whose logic and opinion can be relied on forever and quench the thirst of the thirsty palate.
Education has a very high position in Islam and is considered as one of the most important pillars of Islamic society. In fact, the ultimate goal of Islam is the cultivation and training of souls. The Holy Qur’an considers the prophets as teachers who came to guide people to perfection. Many verses in the Qur’an and numerous narrations from the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) and Imams of Athar (PBUH) indicate the importance of education and training of humans.
Why should you read “Abdastan Motahar”?
Reading the Qur’an, expressing religious rules and orders, providing practical models and creating an educational environment have been among the main axes of education in the Islamic society in the past, which were popular in the main centers of education, including mosques. On this basis, many works were written both by thinkers and writers in the field of educational literature, the ultimate goal of all of them was to educate the human race and the new generation. However, familiarity with new sciences and the integration of science and religion and the establishment of new schools made it possible for the field of education to be available to the public with new topics and on the other hand, in a more structured and structured way. From this point of view, Shahid Motahari’s opinions can be introduced as the beginning of a new way in the field of Islamic education.
By presenting comprehensive, innovative and practical views in the field of education, he has played a significant role in the development and promotion of this field. His opinions, as a valuable source for the education of future generations, have always been and will be the attention of thinkers and educators. A comprehensive view of human beings, emphasis on reason and awareness, emphasis on freedom and discretion, and most importantly attention to the conditions of time are among the characteristics of Shahid Motahari’s opinions in this field, which are the distinguishing features of his thoughts from the thinkers of the past. Taking into account the gaps in this field, he regretted the lack of useful scientific resources that could satisfy the thirst for Islamic knowledge in the path of refinement and education, and also those people who work in the field of education and writing useful resources for the correct implementation. They criticized the process of education as detracting from their scientific status and others considered it as a “social disease”.
Also, Professor Shahid stressed on the scientific expertise of parents and teachers as a necessary and vital condition of education and noted that ignorance, ignorance and lack of attention to the principles of education and training unintentionally causes the downfall of children. According to his belief; The cause of many educated people’s withdrawal from religion is due to the lack of vision of their teachers; Because religious education has not been taught to them correctly; For this reason, they consider the understanding of the logic of religion in education as a necessity for educators in this field, and they themselves have taken steps in this direction, made great efforts to present the educational logic of Islam, and have noted the misunderstandings and skewed thinking of the path:
“I personally have felt this matter for many years and I have considered it my duty to focus my religious activities as much as I can on the way of correct and reasonable teaching of religious and religious concepts. Experience has shown that such activities are very fruitful.
The importance of Martyr Motahari’s opinions in the field of education
Professor Motahari is undoubtedly one of the great scholars and history makers of Islam, who has comprehensiveness in thought. Among the most important scientific and intellectual activities of the professor – as he himself said and also his works testify – are the topics that are in the field of education. Martyr Motahari tried more than anything to draw the lines of correct education in accordance with Islamic thought; A necessity that is still valid even now and has increased its importance with the proliferation of educational ideas.
However, teacher Motahari’s educational opinions have not been presented in a comprehensive and coherent manner, with an approach that observes the educational practice, so far, the author has tried to prepare this book with a comprehensive review of the teacher’s works to create a coherent and comprehensive plan of the teacher’s educational opinions, especially In neglected subjects such as the psychological aspects of the teacher’s educational opinions and also the subjects of supervision of the children; Therefore, reading this book fully familiarizes the reader with the teacher’s excellent educational opinions. He should understand the difference between educational activities and other activities that may be confused with education. Their importance is known. Also, the audience gets to know more than 40 educational methods, most of which have a psychological aspect.
The difference between “Motahar Primary School” and “Islamic Education and Training”
In examining the educational opinions of Shahid Motahari, we come to the conclusion that using the teacher’s educational ideas faces challenges. According to some experts; The book “Islamic Education and Training”, which is considered the most important educational work of the teacher, contains a very limited and informal volume of the teacher’s educational opinions. This book has been organized without separating the different topics related to values and without separating the different areas of education from each other.
In this regard, the separation of education from ethics and moral education and the distinction between moral education and philosophy of ethics and philosophy of education is one of the necessary tasks that should be done in this work. More importantly, a significant amount of the professor’s educational opinions are scattered in books not related to the topics of education and refinement, such as the principles of philosophy and the method of realism, a critique of Marxism, philosophy of history, mutual services between Islam and Iran, divine justice, the future of the Islamic revolution, etc. It is stated that it is necessary to be collected and disciplined.
Another point is that the accuracy of opinion in the educational views of the narrator is the predominance of the psychological aspect, especially in the educational recommendations and prescriptions. This aspect is of special importance in the field of education and it has been less discussed in the thoughts of elders and scholars. Also, careful analysis of the teacher’s educational ideas confronts us with a significant amount of recommendations and prescriptions for children. The topics related to raising children is a topic that, despite its importance, has been completely neglected in the professor’s thoughts until now.
According to the author of “Abdastan Motahar”; The aforementioned points, the author of these lines, who has had the opportunity to study the master’s works several times and spent several years studying, examining and extracting the master’s ideas, made him think of organizing his thoughts. The teacher’s training is based on a systematic plan based on the aforementioned points, the result of which is the present book.
A child must be a child
Shahriari considers the ultimate goal of this book to be an attempt to take a step, albeit short, but comprehensive and coherent, in the way of introducing the educational ideas of Professor Motahari (RA) in the dimension of educational practice and with a child-watching approach. According to him; In the selection of the content of each chapter, the professor’s unique and distinguished views have been pointed out, and the topics that have been repeatedly discussed and reviewed due to the need of time have been avoided, and only theoretical topics have been avoided.
In a part of the book, we read:
There are people with bad taste who put pressure on themselves or their children who are under their guardianship. People see people who say I want to raise my child. Well, how are you going to train? He does not let a five or six-year-old child go to play with children, every assembly he goes to, he takes the child with him in order to be educated, stops him from laughing, stops him from eating. The child grows up while the natural needs of his existence are not met, he is always told God, the Day of Resurrection, and the fire of hell. By the age of twenty, these stored powers, these unsatisfied lusts and desires will once again break the chains. This child that you saw, as a result of his father’s suggestion, at the age of 12, his prayers lasted 20 minutes, he prayed at night, he prayed, once you saw him drink water at the age of 25. It turns out that his head is missing.
The most unfortunate children
The most unfortunate children are those whose parents raise them in pampering and don’t let them taste the coldness and warmth of the world and touch the lowness and height of the world. Such children are sensitive to difficulties and indifferent to pleasures.
A bud does not become a flower by force
Fear, intimidation, and threats are not the cause of education in humans; Because education means nurturing. No human’s talents can be nurtured by scaring, beating, intimidation, and threats, just as a flower bud cannot be forced into a flower, for example, we kill the bud so that it becomes a flower or a sapling that is planted on the ground. We have done it and it wants to grow, let’s take it with our own hands and force it to grow. Its growth is not easy. Applying force is not useful there. …
If the father is not self-supporting
Where it is said in the Qur’an: “The strength of your souls and your people”, there is another point, and that is: If the Qur’an had said: “O you who believe, protect the strength of your family”, O people of faith, it would have said a complete truth. . But when he said: “Protect yourself and your family”, and he mentioned “yourself” first, it also refers to the relationship between the two, that is, unless you protect yourself, you cannot protect them. I don’t pray, but the child! Pray, prayer is a very good thing! Don’t look at me, if I lie, be truthful!
“Don’t look” is a word. Therefore, it is not a belief that a person cannot protect himself and can protect his family. The late Sheikh Gholamreza Yazdi, may Allah be pleased with him, who was a very great man, once gave a speech in a pulpit, and said that a villager had diarrhea, and someone brought him porridge. He said I don’t eat. They said why? He said it can’t hold itself, can it hold my stomach? How can a father who cannot take care of himself take care of his children? If you can’t take care of yourself, how can you take care of your wife and children? First self-maintenance, then non-maintenance. …
Ma’arif Publishing House has published the book “Adestan Motahar” in 156 pages and made it available to those interested.
منبع: www.khabaronline.ir
