According to Khabar Online, “Arthritis” is the most common progressive joint disease that is associated with bone wear and reduced mobility. It often affects the joints of the hands, knees, hips, and spine, and it usually becomes more severe with age; Meanwhile, it is possible to prevent its occurrence and prevent its progress by controlling its underlying factors.
Dr. Hossein Yari – director of preventive medicine and health promotion clinic of Tehran Medical Sciences University Jihad Organization, on the pretext of World Arthritis Day, in an interview with ISNA, stating that arthritis is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in the field of health, he stated: Joints are the place where two bones meet each other. and arthritis is a disease that affects joint cartilage. In fact, when the cartilage is damaged, damaged or worn down, arthritis or wear and tear of the joints occurs.
He continued: All joints of the body have the potential of wear and tear, but wear and tear is more common in some joints. Most of the people who have joint wear and tear disease go to the doctor because of knee pain or back pain caused by arthritis; But arthritis can occur in the hip, spine, neck, wrist joints and even finger joints.
The underlying factors of cartilage breakdown and the occurrence of arthritis
Which arthrosis is hereditary?
A member of the academic staff of Jihad University of Medical Sciences in Tehran explained about the reason for the degeneration of joint cartilage: There are several factors behind the degeneration and deterioration of joint cartilage. Genetics is one of the important influencing factors in articular cartilage degeneration; In such a way that if a person’s parents are suffering from joint wear and tear disease, the probability of suffering from arthritis in that person also increases. Arthritis of some joints has a more genetic basis; For example, a person suffering from arthritis of the hand may have inherited this disease from his previous generations.
This specialist in physical medicine and rehabilitation stated that age is one of the other factors affecting the occurrence of arthritis, and noted: As people grow older, cartilage deteriorates and deteriorates. Therefore, aging is one of the other factors of joint wear; About 70% of people with joint wear and tear are 55 years or older.
Obesity and increased rate of joint wear
Director of Preventive Medicine and Health Promotion Clinic of Tehran University Medical Sciences Organization noted about another effective factor in the occurrence of arthritis: overweight is one of the other effective factors in the occurrence of arthritis; In such a way that excess weight leads to an increase in pressure on the knee and waist joints and increases the intensity and speed of the progress of wear and tear of the joints.
Stating that the posture of the body is one of the other effective factors in the occurrence of arthritis, he explained: When the posture and anatomy of the body is abnormal and associated with disorders, the possibility of arthritis increases. Abnormality and disturbance in the anatomy of the body means that people who have braced, crossed or backward knees experience more pressure on the knee, and as a result, due to the more pressure they experience, the possibility of arthritis increases in them.
This physical medicine specialist stated that performing daily tasks can also lead to the occurrence of arthritis: in people whose job nature is such that they have to lift heavy weights or bend and straighten a lot during the day. or frequent stairs, the possibility of arthritis increases in them.
Consequences of a sedentary lifestyle
Referring to the research results of recent years, he said: The results of the research findings of recent years indicate that inactivity is effective in the occurrence of arthritis; But this factor is not paid much attention. The more the level of immobility increases, the more likely you are to develop arthritis. “Sedentary lifestyle” is one of the other underlying factors of arthritis.
Vitamin D deficiency among Iranians
Yari also stated that nutrition plays a role in the occurrence of arthritis and noted: Nutrition plays a role in the occurrence of joint wear and tear. The consumption of calcium, vitamin D, and micronutrients also play a role in the occurrence of arthritis.
insomnia and stress; Effective in the occurrence of arthritis
The academic staff member of Tehran Medical Sciences Academic Jihad Organization stated that when we talk about the prevention of diseases, we should focus on “changeable risk factors” and stated: Genetics is one of the risk factors for the occurrence of arthritis, and we cannot intervene much against this factor. Definitely, lifestyle can have an effective role on modifiable risk factors of osteoarthritis. When we talk about modifiable risk factors for the occurrence of arthritis, we mean factors such as nutrition, physical activity, interpersonal relationships, proper sleep, substance abuse, and stress, and each of these six factors are among the pillars of lifestyle and can be effective in developing arthritis. to be
The risk of smoking for joints
This physical medicine specialist continued: Studies show that the possibility of abrasion increases significantly in people who use tobacco. In addition to smoking, insufficient sleep and stress can play an effective role in the occurrence of arthritis. Lifestyle modification is a very important component, and paying attention to the lifestyle modification component can reduce the possibility of arthritis with age or reduce the effect of genetic factors on the occurrence of joint wear.
The state of arthritis among Iranians
The Director of Preventive Medicine and Health Promotion Clinic of Tehran University Medical Sciences Jihad Organization also told ISNA about the situation of Iranians suffering from arthritis: professors of Tehran University of Medical Sciences examined 1500 Iranian citizens and the results of this research show that at least 66% of People who participated in this study project experienced “pain” in their musculoskeletal system. According to the statements of the people present in this research, most of them have experienced pain in the back and knee area. Surveys show that about 20% of people suffer from joint wear and tear, of which knee arthritis is the main part. Also, about 23% of people who participated in this research project experienced back pain.
Arthritis diagnosis methods
About how to diagnose arthritis, Yari said: History and doctor’s examination is the first step to diagnose arthritis. People who suffer from neck or back arthritis always complain about the dryness of their back or neck. A doctor can diagnose arthritis by identifying clinical symptoms. Doctors can also diagnose arthritis by touching, moving and testing the affected area.
A member of the academic staff of Tehran Medical Sciences Academic Jihad Organization added: imaging is one of the other methods of diagnosing arthritis; In such a way that a doctor can diagnose arthritis and the severity of this disease with radiology. Sometimes arthritis causes damage to other parts of the joint; For example, knee arthritis can cause the meniscus to degenerate and damage it. Examining the structural condition of the meniscus requires MRI. Sometimes, CT scan is also recommended to check the anatomical condition of patients with arthritis. Therefore, examination, history of the patient and imaging, especially radiology and then MRI, are common diagnostic methods in arthritis.
arthritis; A regular guest of the infected person
5 points that sufferers should follow
He said about the methods of preventing arthritis disease: abrasion or arthritis is not like a cold caused by a virus that can be completely treated with medicine; The basic point is that arthritis is a guest of the affected person forever. If people with arthritis want not to experience pain and do their daily activities as usual, they should pay attention to their health and put five measures in their agenda.
Stating that people with arthritis should keep their weight balanced, Yari said: The first step in preventing arthritis is weight control. The association of excess weight with arthritis is very significant; It is said that a 10% weight loss can reduce the pressure on the knee by 50%.
Yari also said about the necessity of physical activity: an active life is the second recommendation of physical medicine specialists to prevent arthritis. Increasing the amount of daily walking, reducing the use of elevators and escalators, interrupting daily sitting tasks and being more active are among the things that are recommended to prevent arthritis. Also, performing some exercises will strengthen the muscles that are responsible for supporting the joint. Definitely, learning and doing exercises on a daily basis should become the queen of the minds of people prone to arthritis.
The importance of vitamin D, calcium and micronutrients in the prevention of arthritis
Director of Preventive Medicine and Health Promotion Clinic of Tehran Medical Sciences Academic Jihad Organization continued: Using supplements and micronutrients is the third measure in preventing arthritis. After the Covid-19 pandemic, the use of vitamin D has been in the spotlight; But about 80% of Iranians suffer from vitamin D deficiency. The situation of vitamin D deficiency among Iranians is such that all Iranians should consume at least one pill of 50,000 units of vitamin D on a monthly basis.
Stating that calcium is another important micronutrient for preventing arthritis, he said: consuming dairy products is the best way to get calcium. As the consumption of dairy products and especially milk (at least 2 glasses per day) increases, the need to receive calcium is met.
Referring to the role of plant compounds in preventing arthritis, Yari said: Maybe some plant compounds such as ginger, cinnamon, soy and avocado can help prevent arthritis. These compounds, which are so-called and wrongly called cartilage-building drugs, can help reduce dryness and improve pain caused by joint wear.
The importance of lifestyle modification
Stating that lifestyle modification can prevent pressure on the joints, he said: Those who are afraid of knee arthritis should know that bending the knee leads to more pressure on this part of the body. Therefore, avoiding bending the knee as much as possible is the fourth necessary action that should be considered. Things like sitting on two knees, sitting on four knees, using the Iranian toilet and other things that lead to bending the knees should be corrected in such a way that the knees bend less during the day.
Director of Preventive Medicine and Health Promotion Clinic of Jihad Organization of Tehran University of Medical Sciences continued: Sitting at the table, sleeping on the bed, praying at the table when there is significant pain, and using the toilet are recommended to reduce bending of the knee.
He listed the fifth preventive measure as the use of suitable shoes and insoles and said: Medical shoes and insoles prescribed by a physical medicine specialist reduce the pressure on the knees and play a role in preventing arthritis.
Don’t just settle for a therapist
Yari stated that there are several steps for the treatment of arthritis, and said: For example, a person suffering from knee arthritis should not rely on a therapist alone; Rather, he should be his own doctor. First of all, doctors should modify the lifestyle of a person with arthritis. After the modification of the lifestyle, the prescription of medicine, which is a part of the supplements, is among the other steps of the treatment.
But the treatment methods and the necessity of daily exercises
A member of the academic staff of the Jihad University Organization of Tehran Medical Sciences stated that performing daily exercises is one of the other treatment strategies for arthritis, and said: Physiotherapy can also help improve joint conditions by reducing inflammation and improving joint range of motion. Also, injecting into the joint is another treatment for arthritis.
He continued: Various compounds, such as the anti-inflammatory drug Cortonin, are injected into the joint; Sometimes, in order to soften the joint, we also inject hyaluronic gel. Also, PRP is one of the other treatment measures; In such a way that the blood is taken from the patient and the person’s own platelets are concentrated and injected into the joint. These injections can help make the joint smoother, reduce pain and inflammation, and improve a person’s performance.
Arthritis and joint replacement
In the final part of his speech, Yari stated that sometimes the severity of the disease is very high, and noted: When the severity of the disease is very high, common non-surgical methods of treating arthritis are not effective, and knee joint replacement is recommended in such conditions. If the patient is not suffering from any worrisome underlying disease and is of a suitable age, we perform knee joint replacement. It should be noted that after the surgery, the patient should not be satisfied with the replacement of the knee joint, and it is necessary to consider following some points after the knee joint replacement.
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منبع: www.khabaronline.ir
