According to the Missionary Thought and Culture Base, read the opinions of the opponents of temporary marriage and the Shia opinion about it, quoted from the Shia News website below:
When the Holy Prophet, may God bless him and his family, entered Makkah for Hajj Umrah, some of the Prophet’s companions came to the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, and said, “We have come alone and unmarried, can we get married?” The Holy Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: “Enjoy…” Take the women (who meet the conditions) to your temporary marriage.
Question: Wahhabism and some companions do not accept Mutah or temporary marriage and consider it the same as prostitution.
What is the opinion of Shias about temporary marriage?
Umar bin al-Khattab prohibited and sanctioned the two Mutahs that were ordered by the Prophet of Islam, peace and blessings be upon him. One Mutah or temporary marriage, and one Mutah of Hajj, opposing the temporary marriage led the Sunnis to deviate, which some of them They give a fatwa that it is permissible to use levat in traveling! [۱]
Ali bin Muhammad Qoshchi says: Umar bin Khattab said on the pulpit: “O people, three things were lawful during the time of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, which I forbid and sanction, and punish those who do them. They include “Mut’ah of women” and “Mut’ah of Hajj” and “Hay Ali Khair al-Aml” (saying in the call to prayer).[۲]
In his commentary, Jalal al-Din Suyuti, quoting Abu Dawood and Ibn Jarir, narrates from Hakam that he was asked if the verse of Mutah has been abrogated, he said: No, and Ali, peace be upon him, said: “If Umar had not prevented Mutah, except No adulterous person was infected by adultery [۳]”
Umar bin Khattab used to say: “I forbid temporary marriage for you and limit those who practice it. The Prophet (peace and blessings of God be upon him) and his companions used to practice it, and there is a verse in the Qur’an stating that it is permissible. But if I get the news that a man has committed adultery or a temporary marriage, I will stone him!? [۴]”
Abdullah bin Umar, the son of Umar bin al-Khattab, disagreed with his father’s opinion and said: “My father forbade temporary marriage, while the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, considered it halal and practiced it. Do I follow my father’s words?” Should I obey the order of God’s Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace? [۵]And he said: “Woe to you, God made Mutah and temporary marriage lawful and the Prophet of God practiced it. Do you follow the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, or Umar?”[۶]”.
Well, so far the informed readers have reviewed the opposing views of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, now it is good to comment on the verses of the Qur’an and the hadiths of the Holy Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, regarding this divine ruling and its philosophy.
The conditions that are valid in nikah (muta) and (permanent marriage) are: 1- The man and woman must not have any Shariah obstacles in marriage, such as lineage and the reason for marrying an illegitimate person and 2- The dowry must be mentioned in the contract with the consent of the parties 3- Duration Marriage should be fixed (temporary or permanent) 4- Sharia marriage should be executed. 5- A child born from them is legitimate, and a birth certificate is obtained for a child born from a temporary marriage. Children’s maintenance is obligatory on the father, and children inherit from their parents. [۷]
7- Whenever the period of temporary marriage ends, if the woman is not menopausal, she must keep the Islamic Idda, and if she is pregnant, she must refrain from marrying someone else until she becomes pregnant. The only difference between a temporary marriage and a permanent marriage is that the woman’s expenses are not the responsibility of the husband. Therefore, I see that most of the conditions of temporary and permanent marriage are the same, so for example, a young man who is studying in a foreign city or country and has not been able to marry permanently for many years has three options: 1- to remain single and alone 2 – He should fall into the mire of corruption, prostitution, and pollution. 3- Within the framework of the mentioned conditions, he should marry a woman with whom marriage is legally permissible, for a certain period of time, so dear readers who have common sense can understand according to their healthy nature. The best option is the third way, i.e. temporary marriage, otherwise they will either suffer from physical and mental diseases or be led to corruption.
Reasons for the legitimacy of Mutah or temporary marriage
Aye Sharifah: “I did not enjoy the benefits of the fatwa and the reward of the duty [۸]”Translation: So whenever you benefit from them (temporary marriage), pay their wages (certain dowry). The Shia and Sunni commentators are of the opinion that the verse or verse was revealed about marriage (muta’). Jalal al-Din Suyuti in Commentary (Al-Daral Manshur) writes that the above verse is about (muta’). [۹].
The order of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) to marry temporarily
When the Holy Prophet, may God bless him and his family, entered Makkah for Hajj Umrah, some of the Prophet’s companions came to the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, and said, “We have come alone and unmarried, can we perform Mutah?” The Holy Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: “Enjoy…” Take the women (who meet the conditions) to your temporary marriage. [۱۰].
It is interesting for young people who seek the opinion of Western scientists on the issue of temporary and religious marriage, we bring the famous English scientist Bertrand Russell’s theory from the book (New Hopes in a Changing World) about the plan of temporary marriage: “In today’s age, when the age of marriage is high and For example, a student should study until the age of 30 and then try to get a suitable job and cannot get married permanently, and at the same time, young people are at the age of youth crisis and sexual instinct development from the age of puberty until they form a permanent family. They cannot protect themselves against instinctive desires, and they want to remain pure, healthy and religious people, and at the same time, they are safe from dangerous sexual diseases, and they do not have much money to spend on women and living, the only solution It is healthy and logical for the civil laws to consider a type of temporary marriage for boys and girls for this sensitive part of young people’s life, which does not involve many problems of permanent marriage, and girls and young boys in the light of this type of temporary marriage. Stay safe from various corruptions and illicit relationships and continue your studies to get employment. [۱۱]
What do the opponents of temporary marriage say?
Some people are of the opinion that people who for temporary pleasure of an hour or a day and a month or … temporary marriage, often leave the woman pregnant or in some way and do not adhere to their duties, and this is the reason for the spread of Prostitution is no different from prostitution! while if a man is irresponsible, for example, he can be irresponsible in a permanent marriage, or on the contrary, some women’s goal in permanent marriage is to get a dowry, business, and business, or they do not comply, so can the whole marriage be an exception for these exceptional cases? Do you question Daim?
Unaware of the fact that by moving away from permanent or temporary marriage, which is based on Sharia and is supervised by people and competent centers, adultery, prostitution and social corruption will spread and unfortunately, many people who are not familiar with the philosophy of temporary marriage, will fall into the trap of sins and Devils fall; On the other hand, colonialists and anti-religious people and devils trap the youth of their countries and Islamic and religious communities through satellite mass media or the press or advertisements and other ways and make them suffer from all kinds of physical and mental diseases because Man never attains peace of mind through sin and thinks that immediate pleasure is freedom, while God and His Prophet are the best, low-cost, safe, and relaxing way that does not cause any physical or mental harm, and preserves the dignity of the person in the society. They have suggested staying. A woman who has become a widow and no one will marry her permanently and needs to marry, is it better if she marries temporarily and attains peace, or should she always sin or think of sin and fall into the trap of the lustful?! Dear young people, think and think and answer, are promiscuous women everywhere more useful for the society or a pure woman who keeps her hijab and chastity and sees her dignity in obedience to God and with special conditions determined by God and His Prophet Are they temporarily married to a pure and healthy man for a certain period of time that is agreed upon by the parties and by preserving the rights of the parties, and with a clear mind and conscience without torment, engage in their academic or professional activities?
You judge
Why shouldn’t women who have divorced for some reason or whose husbands died in war or in another way and become widows guarantee the health of their bodies and souls by satisfying their sexual desires in a religious way and continue living peacefully?
If it is not a pure religion, they will suffer from complications caused by the suppression of the sexual instinct and cause physical and mental harm to themselves, or they will have to fall into the mire of all kinds of personal, social, and satellite corruptions.
Undoubtedly, you intellectuals and religious people of pure nature will choose the path of the Shariah and be pleased with the truth, and you will be happy and proud both in this world and in the hereafter.
Some parents and elders should also be careful not to say words that are against the words of revelation and the Prophet of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, and as a result, their children will be affected by haram and sinful deeds, and they should know that they are very responsible before God and their conscience.
Question: If a child is born as a result of a temporary marriage, what will be the responsibility of this child and its maintenance and its future? The answer is very clear, the children who are the result of such a marriage are no different from the children of a permanent marriage and will be subject to all the religious and legal protections of a normal child. Especially, by registering the details of the man and woman in special offices and preparing the marriage contract, there is no wandering for their children and no homework. Of course, if a man and a woman stipulate during the sharia contract that they do not want to have a child, they can avoid having a child by means of contraception. According to Sharia, it is punishable.
Mutah rules:
In a temporary marriage or Mutah, the conjugation of a temporary marriage should be read.
The contract of marriage can be read by a man and a woman or their lawyer.
After determining the first dowry of the woman, she says: “You are married to yourself in the age of knowledge, Ali is the knowledge of knowledge.”
That is, I got myself married to you for a specified period and a specified dowry.
(The amount of the dowry and the duration of the temporary marriage must be known and written down.)
Then the man says: “Qiblat al-Tazwij” means I accepted the marriage.
If they hire a lawyer, first the female lawyer will say to the male lawyer: “Mut’at muqalati (name of the woman) client (name of the man) fi al-madah al-maalumah ali al-mahr al-maalum” means I married my client to your client for a certain period and a certain dowry.
The male lawyer says: “My client’s Qiblat is so-and-so.”
That is, I accepted these conditions for my client.
It is necessary to execute the marriage contract in Arabic.
After the temporary marriage period ends, they can extend the marriage period.
But if they want to divorce, if the woman is not menopausal or is a girl, she must not marry for 2 months or for two months of purity and clean up from menstruation and keep an adah before marrying a new husband.
Sources:
[۱] History of Madinah, Damascus, Ibn Asaker, vol. 2, p. 442/Sahawahid al-Tanzil, Hakim al-Hatani al-Hanafi, vol. 2, p. 362
[۲] and [۳] Tafsir Dar Manshum, vol. 2, p. 140
[۴] Musnad Ahmad bin Hanbal, vol. 1, p. 52
[۵] Sahih Tirmezi, vol. 2, p. 159
[۶] Musnad Ahmad bin Hanbal, vol. 2, p. 95
[۸] Nisa-24
[۹] Tafsir al-Dar al-Manshor, vol. 2, p. 140
[۱۰] Tafsir Kabir, Fakhr Razi, vol. 10, p. 50
[۱۱] Mutah and its social effects: p.331
منبع: www.khabaronline.ir
